Roman Numeral Converter
Convert numbers to Roman numerals and back (1 to 3999), with validation and a symbol-by-symbol breakdown.
About Roman Numeral Converter
This Roman numeral converter online changes numbers to Roman numerals and Roman numerals back to numbers, for any value from 1 to 3999. Type a number to get its Roman numeral, or type letters such as MCMXCIV to get the value. Invalid numerals are flagged so you do not copy a wrong one.
A symbol-by-symbol breakdown shows how each numeral is built, which helps students with numbers to Roman numerals worksheets. It is also useful for dates, years on certificates, clock faces, chapter numbers and birthday or tattoo designs. The converter is free, needs no sign-up and runs in your browser.
How to use Roman Numeral Converter
- Type a number from 1 to 3999 to get its Roman numeral.
- Or type a Roman numeral to get its value.
- See how the numeral is built from its parts.
Frequently asked questions
Why only up to 3999?
Standard Roman numerals use M (1000) at most three times. Larger values need a bar over letters (×1000), which is not part of standard notation.
Is IIII valid?
Not in standard form — 4 is written IV. A symbol repeats at most three times, and only I, X and C can be used for subtraction (IV, IX, XL, XC, CD, CM).
How do I write 2026?
2026 = MM (2000) + XX (20) + VI (6) = MMXXVI.
How do I convert a date to Roman numerals?
Convert the day, month and year separately and join them with dots or dashes. For example, 15-08-1947 becomes XV-VIII-MCMXLVII.
What are the seven basic Roman numerals?
I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500 and M = 1000. Every other numeral is built from these.
How is 4 written in Roman numerals?
4 is written IV, meaning one less than five. Similarly 9 is IX, 40 is XL and 90 is XC.
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